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J. G. ROBINSONI STEAM SUPERHEATYER FOR BOILERS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-30.1918.

sq g I Patented May 27,1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET I I J. G.-R0'B|NSON.

STEAM SUPERHEATER. FOR BOILERVS. AifPLlCATlON FILED sumac. 1918.

1 3 Q3, 1w Pa tente d May 27, 1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

THE NnRnls PETERS ca. PNO1U-LH'MQ, wasnuvcnnw, n. c.

J. G. ROBINSON STEAM SUPERHEATER FOR BOILERS.

APPLICATlON FILED SEPT- 30,1918- Patented May 27, 1919;

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

J. G. ROBINSON.

STEAM SUPERHEATER FOR BOILERS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 30. I918- Patented May 27, 1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4-.

IINID s rans Arne o JOHN GEORGE ROBINSON, OF I/IANCf-IESTER, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE SUIER- HEATER CORPORATION LIMITED, OF LONDON,

ENGLAND.

STEAM-SUPERHEATER FOR BOILERS.

Application filed September 30, 1918.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JOHN Gnonen Romn- SON, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Manchester, England, (whose post-office address is Mere Bank, Fairfield, Manchester, Lancashire, England,) have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Steam-Superheaters for Boilers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. I

This invention consists in improvements in or relating to steam superheaters for-locomotive, marine and other boilers.

The present invention while principally designed for use in steam superheaters of the smoke or fire tube type, as heretofore employed in locomotive and marine boilers, is not necessarily restricted to such superheaters.

In superheaters' as heretofore employed in locomotive and marine boilers the saturated steam inlet and superheated steam outlet end of each element (such element consisting of U-loop pipes extending into one or more fire tubes of the boiler) have been connected to the bottom or wall of a header by being fixed in a flange block which itself is secured to the bottom or wall of the header by means of a screw device which projects from the bottom or wall of the header and is usually fixed in the bottom or wall of the header. In some cases the inlet and outlet ends of the element have been fixed in holes in the flange block adjacent each end thereof and the part of the screw device projecting from the bottom or Wall of the header extends through another hole in the flange block between the element ends, a fastening nut being screwed up on the projecting end of the screw device so as to secure the flange block to the header wall in a steam tight manner, suitable packing rings or packing material being generally employed between the face of the flange block and the wall of the header. In other cases the steam inlet and outlet ends of an element or elements have been. secured in holes in the flange block toward the center thereof between two other holes one adjacent each end of the block into or through which the projecting ends of two suitably spaced screw devices project- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 27, 1919.

Serial No. 256,252.

ing from the wall. of the header extend, suitable fastening nuts being screwed up on the projecting ends of the screw devices. The screw devices usually consist of screw studs the inner ends of which are screwed into holes in the bottom or wall of the header, these studs projecting from the bottom or wall of the header to the required extent.

According to this invention the screw derice or devices, by which the flange block and element ends fixed therein are secured to the bottom or wall of the header, instead of as heretofore projecting beyond the face of the bottom or wall of the header and receiving the fastening nut or nuts on the outside of the flange block lie within recesses in the bottom or wall of the header (against the face of which the inner face of the flange block is held) and receive the fastening nuts within the said recesses, the arrangements being preferably such that the portions of the screw devices or studs with which the fastening nuts engage terminate with their outer extremities either flush with the face of or a short distance within the wall o the header the inner ends or portions of the screw devices being screwed into or secured in suitable holes or recesses formed in the header wall which may be suitably thickened for this purpose or which has projections, bosses or ribs formed internally in the header to provide for the holes or recesses to receive the inner ends of the screw studs; further for securing the flange block to the header relatively long box nuts are employed these nuts extending through holes of suitable dimensions in the flange block and, when screwed up on the outer portion of the screw devices or studs, enter the aforesaid recesses in the bottom or wall of the header. Such box nuts are as usual provided with rectangular or other suitably formed heads at their outer ends adapted to receive a spanner and are also provided with flanges or projecting portions adapted to engage the outer face of the flange block when the nut is screwed home. I

Preferably two screw devices or screw studs and nuts are provided for each flange block and the holes in the flange block in which the ends of the superheater element are fixed are situated between the holes for the nuts. For application to a superheater for a marine boiler the holes for the pipes and the holes for the fastening nuts may all be situated in the longitudinal central plane of the flange block, while for a superheater applicable to a locomotive boiler the holes in which the element ends are fixed may lie in the transverse central plane of the flange block and the holes for the fastening nuts may lie in the longitudinal central plane of the flange block.

Ashereinbefore mentioned, instead ofemploying two screw studs and nuts securing each flange block to the header wall a single screw stud and nut may be employed in which case the hole in the flange block which receives the above-mentioned box nuts may be situated between the two holes in which the ends of the superheater elements are secured.

In order that the invention may be readily understood and carried into effect reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through part of a locomotive boiler showing a superheater header and elements in position. 7

Fig. 2 is a cross section, on a larger scale, through the flange block and fastening connections for securing the superheater element ends to the header shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the flange block shown in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4': is; a section through part of a marine superheater header showing a com.- plete superheater element in position.

Fig. 5 isa cross section, on a larger scale, through the flange block and fastening connections for securing the superheater ele ment ends to the header shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an elevational view looking in the direction of arrow X of the flange block and fastening connection shown in Fig. 5 but with thebox nuts removed.

Fig. 7. is a longitudinal section through another type of locomotive superheater header and elements, and

Fig. 8 is a cross section taken on theline Y Y, Fig. 7. I I

Like reference numbers refer to corresponding parts in the several figures of the drawings,

Referring now to Figs. 1, 2 and- 3, 1 is the locomotive boiler shell or plating, 2 the smokebox shell or plating, 3 the smokebox tube platQ, and A: the internal saturated steam pipe from the regulator- 130 the super; heater header casting 5, 6 being the satu rated and 7 the superheated steam compart ments or chambers of the header which is of a known typeandneed not be further described, 8 are theiusual large smoke or fire tubes of theboiler in which are placedthe superheater elements 9. superheater element ends to andin registration with holes in. the header a suitable F or securing the flange block 10 is provided for each element the inlet and outlet ends (11 and 12 respectively) of which are expanded or otherwise suitably fixed in holes 13 in the said block a suitable distance apart so as to insure them registering with holes 15 provided in the header wall and leading into the saturated and superheated steam compartments 6 and 7. Further holes 16 are provided in the beforementi'oned flange block 10 of a suitable size to allow the cylindrical ends 17 of box nuts to be passed through them for the purpose hereinafter described.

18 is a wall (in this case the bottom) of the header casting which is provided with bosses 19 on the inside to give a greater thickness of metal. 23 are recesses of similar diameter to the holes 16 in the flange block 10 provided in the wall 18. 20 are studs the inner ends 21 of which are screwed into tapped holes in the bosses 19 the outer ends 22 of these: studs being suitably screwed to enable the threaded portion of the box nut 17 to be screwed thereon, the ends 22 of said studs being arranged so as not to, project beyond the outside surface or face 25 of the header Wall 18. The beforementioned box nuts are made cylindrical for the greater portion of their length so as to pass through the holes 16 in the flange block 10 and into therecesses 23 when screwed on the ends 22 of the stud 20, suitable collars or flanges 24 being formed'or provided at the outer ends of the cylindrical portions 17 to engage the flange block 10 for securing same tightly in position on the face 25 of the header. Square or other suitably shaped ends 26 are formed on the said boxnuts 17 by which they may be screwed up tight by a spanner.

Referring now to Figslr, 5 and 6, 27 is the side wall of a marine superheater header casting 28 and 29 being the saturated and superheated steam chambers, and 30. the holes provided through the said wall 27 which holes are-adapted to register with the saturated steam inlet and superheated steam outlet ends 31 and 32 respectively of the superheater element, which as shown in Fig. 4 comprisesfour U-shaped tubes, connected in series, and placed within the smoke or fire tubes 33 of the boiler. 34 is the flange block into which the element ends are expanded or otherwise suitably fixed in holes 35 which register with. the holes 30 in the header wall. 36 are further holes provided in the flange 34: through which passthe cylindricalends 17 of the box nuts. 19'are, the bosses provided on the inside of the header wall, 23 the recesses in the header wall 27, into which project the ends 17 of the box nuts and 20 the securing studs, the

ends 21 of which are tapped into the bosses- 19, and 22 the outer threaded ends of the studs onto which are screwedlthe' box.

nuts, the ends 22 being arranged as shown so as not to project beyond the face of the header wall. The arrangement of studs and box nuts for securing the element flanges is exactly the same in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 as in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 but it will be observed that in the latter the holes for the elements and nuts are all situated on the lon itudinal center line of the flange block Whereas in the former the holes for the element ends lie in the transverse central plane of the flange block and the holes for the nuts are in the longitudinal central plane. In both cases two studs and nuts are employed for each flange block and the adjoining faces of the header wall and of the flange blocks are preforably machined so that a face to face oint is obtained and the necessity for special jointing materials or packing rings avoided. Suitable jointing material may, however, be provided between the face of the flange block and the face of the header wall if desired.

In Figs. 7 and 8 an arrangement is shown in which a single bolt and nut is employed for securing the flange block to the header and joint rings are employed. 37 is the header casting, 38 and 39 being respectively the saturated and superheated steam compartments. 40 are the superheater elements and 8 the large smoke or flue tubes of the boiler. 41 and 42 are respectively the saturated steam inlet and superheated steam outlet ends of the elements which are suitably secured by expanding or welding into flange blocks 43, the outer ends of the elements projecting as shown a short distance through said blocks 43. 44 are holes provided through the bottom wall 45 of the header casting and registering with the element ends 41 and 42, the said holes 44 being enlarged at their outer ends so as to form recesses 46 for receiving the projecting ends of the superheater elements before mentioned. Provided centrally in the flange 43 between the element ends 41 and 42 is a hole suitable for passing the end 17 of the box nut through and the header is suitably thickened at 47 to allow the studs 20 and recess 23 being provided as hereinbefore described in connection with Figs. 1 to 6. 48 are suitable packing rings surrounding the projecting ends 41 and 42 of the superheater elements, and placed between the flange block 43 and header bottom 45 for making the joints when the box nut 17 is screwed up on stud 20.-

It will be apparent from an examination of the drawings that when the box nuts are moved no springing of the elements is required to enable flange blocks and elements to be drawn from the superheater header as the ends of the studs are arranged so as not to project beyond the header jointing face or surface. Consequently no special setting of the element pipes is necessary to allow for springing the flanges ver the studs. Furthermore the studs being situated in recesses in the header wall and not projecting beyond the face thereof it is impossible to damage the threads of the studs by knocking or forcing the flanges against them when assembling or dismantling the superheater, it only being necessary to slide the elements into position with out carefully guiding them to clear projecting studs. In addition when the superheater is assembled and joints made the studs are thoroughly protected no portions of them being exposed to the injurious effects of the furnace gases with the consequent corrosion and difficulty of dismantling.

Although a screw stud, screwed into and thus fixed in the header wall, has been described above and shown in the drawings, the present invention is also applicable to cases in which the flange block with element ends fixed therein is secured to the header wall by bolts extending through the header from top to bottom or from side to side thereof. In this case instead of the threaded ends of the bolts, which receive the fastening nuts, projecting beyond the face of the header and through the flange block, these ends would lie in recesses in the wall of the header and would receive the barrels of the fastening nuts within the said recesses as hereinbefore described with reference to the example shown in the drawings. The screw studs as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings are, however, preferable and give advantages in use as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

Although the invention is hereinbefore described and shown as applied to steam superheater elements it will be understood that it is applicable for fastening the ends of other pipes to a collector or vessel.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination, with a plate having an opening for fluid and a recess to one side of the said opening, of a pipe communicating with the said opening and provided with a fastening block, said block having also a hole arranged in line with the said recess, a screwthreaded stud projecting from the said plate at the bottom of the said recess, and a box nut engaging with the stud and securing the fastening block to the plate.

2. The combination, with a plate having openings for fluid at its middle part and recesses in its end portions, of pipes communicating with the said openings and provided with a fastening block having holes arranged in line with the said recesses,

screwthreaded studs projecting from the said plate at the bottoms of the said recesses, and box nuts engaging with the studs and securing the fastening block to the plate. I

3. The combination, With a plate having an opening for fluid and a recess to one side of the said opening, said plate having also a projection on one side at the bottom of the recess, of a pipe communicating With the said opening and provided With a fastening block, said block having also a hole arranged in line With the said recess, a screWthreaded stud screwed into the said projection and projecting Within the recess, and a box nut engaging With the free end portion of the stud and securing the fastening block to 15 the plate. V y In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of tWo Witnesses. 7 JOHN GEORGE ROBINSON. Witnesses:

MARION LEMON, IDA GLADYs WEST.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing" the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

